Neighboring rights refer to the rights held by performers and producers of sound recordings. Unlike copyright, which protects the underlying musical composition, neighboring rights focus on the specific recorded performances. They grant performers (like singers and musicians) and producers (who oversee the creation of recordings) the ability to control and earn royalties from the use of their recordings in public performances, broadcasts on radio and television, and digital streaming services.

These rights are crucial for performers and producers to receive fair compensation for their contributions to the music industry. Collective management organizations (CMOs) or collecting societies play a vital role in administering neighboring rights. They collect royalties from various sources such as broadcasters, venues, and digital platforms that use sound recordings, then distribute these royalties to the performers and producers.

Neighboring rights laws vary from country to country, with some nations providing robust protection and recognition, while others may have more limited or no provisions. Nonetheless, neighboring rights serve as an important means for performers and producers to benefit from the commercial exploitation of their recorded performances separate from the copyright protection afforded to the underlying musical compositions